نشریه عمران و پروژه
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 37، خرداد 1401)

The phenomenon of flood, in spite of all its complexities, can be studied and appropriate solutions can be sought to control and reduce its damage and even economic exploitation of floods. On the other hand, before constructing any hydraulic structure such as dams, overflows, diversion channels, temporary dams, etc., it is necessary to have the information of maximum possible flood and flood hydrograph with different return periods in order to estimate the magnitude of different floods and predicted the maximum height of the river flood zone, the maximum area and width of the river flood in different areas, the maximum flow velocity, changes in shear stress, flood volume, changes in landing number and hydraulic radius, etc. flood routing and zoning operations or quantifying river confluence for flood alert systems. in this study, by selecting the case of Sivand river in fars province in the specified time period, flood frequency analysis was performed with the help of Smada and Easyfitt software and the maximum flood discharge was determined with different return periods. then, by selecting tangbolaghi hydrometric station as the representative station of Sivand river, hydraulic flood routing and zoning operations were attempted by Mike11 computer model.

The construction and civil operations function is at the forefront of adventurous activities in most countries of the world due to its expansion. The existence of various hazards and harmful factors in construction workshops has made this industry one of the most risky industries in the world. This issue has been considered in our country as well as other developing countries. Protecting human lives is first and foremost the most important issue in any work environment. This is an urgent need for great attention and implementation of the necessary requirements in order to save human lives. Manpower is the capital of any organization that in case of endangering their lives, performance and ultimately achieving the goals of the organization or community is challenged. Due to the importance of HSE in various industries, especially the manufacturing industry, this study was intended to examine the factors affecting safety, health and the environment. This was done from a qualitative and quantitative approach. In the qualitative approach, unstructured interviews were used to collect data and in the quantitative method, a questionnaire was used. The data received from the questionnaires were analyzed with Excel software and TOPSIS method to determine the weight and priority of the identified factors. According to TOPSIS surveys, the status of safety and firefighting equipment weighing 0.095, HSE checklist weighing 0.081, manpower status weighing 0.076, having direct contact with staff and discussing HSE issues weighing 0.073 and records and indicators Contractor HSE performance with a weight of 0.065 are five important and influential factors in safety, health and environment.

As the population grows, the construction industry, like other industries, is growing rapidly, and much of this growth can be seen in metropolitan areas. The increasing need for construction has led to the tendency of constructions to the cheapest and poorest type, in parallel with high profitability. After a while, with the initial wave of excessive demand for the building descending, when the demand showed a more reasonable trend than in the past, a number of well-known builders acted with the correct knowledge of the opportunity in the market according to the needs of affluent customers in a competitive environment. By using special architectural effects and creating a special style, through branding construction and branding, they showed a commitment to providing a guarantee of building quality. Since such buildings are built by famous architects and builders, so the building and their builders have a special brand. Therefore, buyers of luxury residential complexes, which are often highly priced, decide to buy when considering several factors. As a result, the present study aims to identify and rank the factors affecting the intention to purchase a luxury brand building. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the present study is the Committee of Experts. According to the purpose of the research, it consists of 8 builders familiar with the subject of luxury buildings with at least ten years of experience in the construction of luxury buildings. The method of selecting experts has been purposeful. In this research, the DANP approach has been used. In the first step, the Dematel technique and in the second step, the network analysis technique (Anp) are used to rank the criteria. According to the values of the final weights obtained for each criterion, it is observed that the individual criterion with a final weight of 0.334 is the first priority, the construction criterion with a final weight of 0.333, the second priority, the environmental criterion with a final weight of 0.332 is the third priority. they give. Among the sub-criteria are personal satisfaction with a final weight of 0.094, building facilities with a final weight of 0.088, perceived quality with a final weight of 0.086, three sub-criteria that have the highest rank in the intention to buy a luxury building in Shiraz have given.

Overflows are generally installed to drain excess water or floods that the volume of the tank can not store. In diversion dams, overflow is used to bypass or divert current in excess of system capacity. Demolition of many dams occurs due to incorrect design or insufficient overflow capacity. Proper spill design is more important in gravel earthen dams than in concrete dams. because the probability of destruction of earthen and gravel dams due to water passage is much higher than concrete dams. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the types of applied overflows based on effective dynamic and kinematic parameters was performed. Also, definitions and summaries of different types of free overflows were shot, siphon, stepped, congressional, lateral, tunnel, circular crown, peak, lotus or tulip. Then, the mechanism of vortex formation was introduced and an overflow appropriate to this phenomenon was introduced. The results of these cases showed that the application of lotus or tulip overflow in flood areas with high discharge has better performance.

Road geometry consists of horizontal and elevation components of road extensions, which mainly include tangent lines, arcs and connection curves. The role of these components in guiding the driver as well as his prior knowledge of the continuation of the road is very important. Also, the arrangement and combination of these components can have a positive or accidental effect on the safety and comfort of the driver. Horizontal curves are considered as one of the most accident-prone points of the road. Centrifugal force on vehicles and human error are the two main factors in the occurrence of accidents in these areas and will eventually lead to overturning or slipping of vehicles. In this study, the main goal is to find a way to increase safety and reduce the rate of accidents due to the relationship between human factors and road geometry. Which is mostly based on previous research and analysis. Studies on safety measures to increase safety in recent years have been collected and reviewed. The results show that the review of new methods, models and schemes such as risk reduction plan to support decisions, safety performance prediction methods on horizontal curves such as Safety Performance Function (SPF) in the future will help better performance for users. The road guarantees. Also, using short-term economic solutions such as route marking will increase safety. On the other hand, the most important criteria for assessing the safety of the vehicle when passing the corner is to estimate the resistance of the vehicle against frustration and overturning, which is also important.